feat(solutions): add caesar-cipher/python/function

challenges/caesar-cipher/solutions/python/function/README.md

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+# caesar-cipher/python/function
+
+Created by [@Divlo](https://github.com/Divlo) on 25 June 2021.

challenges/caesar-cipher/solutions/python/function/solution.py

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+from typing import List, TypedDict
+import sys
+
+input_values: List[str] = []
+for value in sys.stdin:
+    input_values.append(value.rstrip('\n'))
+
+
+class ShiftedLetter(TypedDict):
+    origin: str
+    shifted: str
+
+
+def shift_alphabet(shift: int) -> List[ShiftedLetter]:
+    result: List[ShiftedLetter] = []
+    alphabet = 'A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z'.split(' ')
+    is_negative_shift = shift < 0
+    if is_negative_shift:
+        alphabet.reverse()
+        shift = abs(shift)
+    for index in range(len(alphabet)):
+        letter = alphabet[index]
+        shifted_index = index + shift
+        if shifted_index > len(alphabet) - 1:
+            shifted_index = abs(len(alphabet) - shifted_index)
+        result.append({
+            'origin': letter,
+            'shifted': alphabet[shifted_index]
+        })
+    return result
+
+
+def caesar_cipher(string: str, shift: int) -> str:
+    if shift == 0:
+        return string
+    shifted_alphabet = shift_alphabet(shift)
+    result = ''
+    for letter in string:
+        if letter == ' ':
+            result += ' '
+        else:
+            found_letter: ShiftedLetter = shifted_alphabet[0]
+            for index in range(len(shifted_alphabet)):
+                shifted_letter = shifted_alphabet[index]
+                if shifted_letter['origin'] == letter:
+                    found_letter = shifted_letter
+            result += found_letter['shifted']
+    return result
+
+
+print(caesar_cipher(input_values[0], int(input_values[1])))