feat(challenges): add valid-parentheses

challenges/valid-parentheses/README.md

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+# valid-parentheses
+
+Created by [@theoludwig](https://github.com/theoludwig) on 18 November 2024.
+
+## Instructions
+
+Given a string containing just the characters `'('`, `')'`, `'{'`, `'}'`, `'['` and `']'`, determine if the input string is valid.
+
+An input string is valid if:
+
+- Open brackets must be closed by the same type of brackets.
+- Open brackets must be closed in the correct order.
+- Every close bracket has a corresponding open bracket of the same type.
+
+## Source
+
+[LeetCode - Valid Parentheses](https://leetcode.com/problems/valid-parentheses)
+
+## Examples
+
+See the `test` folder for examples of input/output.
+
+### Example 1
+
+#### Input
+
+```txt
+()
+```
+
+#### Output
+
+```txt
+true
+```
+
+### Example 2
+
+#### Input
+
+```txt
+(]
+```
+
+#### Output
+
+```txt
+false
+```

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/1/input.txt

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+()

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/1/output.txt

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+true

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/2/input.txt

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+()[]{}

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/2/output.txt

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+true

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/3/input.txt

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+(]

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/3/output.txt

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+false

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/4/input.txt

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+([])

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/4/output.txt

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+true

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/5/input.txt

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+(abc[def])

challenges/valid-parentheses/test/5/output.txt

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+true